Wasps are insects belonging to the order Hymenoptera, such as bumblebeesbees and ants.
The importance of wasps in the orchard, and agriculture in general, is significant. Many species of wasps are predatory insects that can be real pests, helping to naturally control their population.
Additionally, some types of wasps are pollinators, allowing plants to reproduce and develop fruit. As we saw in the article on plants that attract pollinatorswithout wasps and other pollinators, many crops could not exist and many plant species would disappear.
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types of wasps
There are many species of wasps in the world, each with specific characteristics and behaviors. Among the different subfamilies or types of wasps found, we distinguish:
Eumenines
This subfamily of wasps is characterized by being solitary and building mud nests. The females of the Eumenines they capture insects as food for the larvae. They are also important pollinators, as they visit flowers in search of nectar. Some known species are Pomiform Eumenes and the Clay Zetathe latter is one of the species of potter wasps the most common in South America.
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Euparagiinae
These wasps are also solitary and are mostly found in tropical regions. They build their nests in mud and also feed on insects to feed their young. They are generally small in size. An example of a species in this subfamily is the euparagia capito.
potter waspmasarine
This subfamily is one of the types of wasps that stands out for being a pollen-collecting specialist. They are known as flower pollinator wasps. They build their nests on the ground and feed on nectar and pollen. They are usually small or medium in size. A known species of masarine is the Masaris vespiformis arabicus.
polistinae
Wasps of the subfamily polistinae They are known as social wasps. They build their nests out of paper, which can be hanging or honeycomb-shaped. Each nest can house a colony with different castes, such as queen, workers, and males.
They are very important insects for pest control in agriculture, as they feed on insects that are harmful to crops. Some notable species are Poliste dominula (also called European paper wasp) and the Polistes gallicus or French wasp.
paper waspStenogastrins
These wasps are also social and build their nests in underground places, and they inhabit Southeast Asia. Unlike other social wasps, Stenogastrins they have no workers, as all females are fertile and help with nest building and the care of the young. The best known species of this subfamily is the Stenogastrinae zonata.
Vespidae
Wasps of the subfamily Vespidae They are known as killer wasps or underground nest wasps. They are social and build underground nests in places like abandoned burrows or under logs. They feed on other insects, including bees and wasps of other species. The most common species of Vespidae is the Vespa crabro, also called European Hornet and is large. Its queen can measure up to almost 4 centimeters.
The importance of wasps, even if they are scary
The fear of wasps is quite common and has several reasons. Some of the main reasons include:
- painful bites
- Allergic reactions
- Aggressive behaviour
- Presence near humans
- confused with bees
- ignoring
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For this reason, we made a video some time ago to successfully hunt wasps to keep them away from our environment. We have also seen forms of rrepel wasps without harming them.
It is important to note that although the fear of wasps is understandable, most species of wasps are not aggressive They only bite when threatened. And very often, wasps are beneficial insects for the ecosystem and agriculture. Each of the types of wasps mentioned have specific characteristics and behaviors that make them important in different ways.
Whether as predators of pests or as pollinators, wasps play an essential role in the natural balance of ecosystems and the production of food in the garden.
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